Extension Two (part 2)

The second Internet plan that (I would choose would have to be the BigPond® Elite 200GB Liberty at $69.95 per month over 24 months. This is mainly because I can not get an Optus or and other network provider in my area other than Telstra and TPG. This plan also provides plenty of data allowance (200 GB) for each month. This is plenty of data to share between my family who relies on the Internet for many things.The only bad thing about this plan is that 'if' i was to go over the limit of 200 GB in a month then the Internet would start to significantly slow down (256kbps) rather than to faster speed (20/1Mbps⁴) 


Out of the two i would pick TPG because the price is cheaper than BigPond and it offers you more data allowance in each month.

Extension Two ( part 1)

I would choose TPG ADSL2+ for $59.99 for unlimited usage. This is because the only providers i have in my area are Telstra or TPG. This is the best because my internet has to be shared between everyone in my family and we all watch a lot of videos and download things. It also means that I don't have to worry about the internet beign slow when i need to do an assignment or some research.

Uploading a Video from a Phone

I would use my phone (Nokia 2730 classic) to get files from the phone to the computer. I would have to use the Nokia USB cable ( ca-101). My phone stores its files in the mp4. format so it is easy to change from phone to computer as they both support this format. To access this information I go on the computer and open the my SD card file on the computer. I can then copy and past the files to where ever i want to save them on my computer.

New Terms relating to audio files

Stereo: Sound that is directed through two or more speakers so that it seems to surround the listener and to come from more than one source; stereophonic sound

Channel: Channel is one individual audio track. A channel is just one separate stream of audio information. There is only one channel in mono audio sources. More commonly, there are sources that hold two channels - stereo sources. Sources with more than two channels are referred to as multichannel.

Track: A track is a single stream of any audio which contains channel(s). Digital audio tracks let you store audio data as digital sound values rather than as musical symbols.A digital audio track works like a recording tape that you can include in a musical document and on which you can record whatever you want for subsequent playback.

Frequency:represent the range of signals that are audible to the human ear. The range of audio frequencies is usually considered to be in the region between 20 and 20,000 hertz.

Hertz:  is the unit used to measure frequency and is equal to one cycle per second. Named after Heinrich Hertz who first discovered electromagnetic waves. 

Decibel: A unit used to measure the intensity of a sound or the power level of an electrical signal by comparing it with a given level on a logarithmic scale...general use; the degree of loudness

Wav: short for Waveform Audio File Format.also known as 'wave', 'movie sound file' and 'Windows sound format', is a video file used to save and record short sound clips. They are normally not used for recording and saving long pieces of music or sound.the file extension (.wav), stores information about the file's number of tracks (mono or stereo), sample rate, bit depth, as well as the uncompressed raw audio data.

mp3:   MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 (differnet layers such as layer 1, layer 2 and layer 3) Digital audio compression algorithm that achieves a compression factor of about one twelfth while preserving sound quality. It does this by optimising the compression according to the range of sound that people can actually hear.

aiff:Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) is an audio file format standard used for storing sound data for personal computers and other electronic audio devices.It supports a variety of bit resolutions, sample rates, and channels of audio.

Introduction to Video ( part 2)

What is the colour system RGB:
The RGB colour model is an additive colour model which red, green and blue light is added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colours. The name of the model comes from the initials or red, green, blue. RGB is the colour system for computer monitors, video, etc. It is for computer application such as web sites.

Explain the video standars PAL, NTSC and SECAM, what are the main differences between them: 

PAL: (Phase Alternating Lines) is the analogue video format. PAL describes the way part of the colour information on teh video signal is reversed in each phase line.

NTSC: (The National Television Standards Committee) this format consists of 29.97 interlaced frames of video per second.

SECAM: (Sequentiel Couleur Avec Mémoire, french for ' Sequential Colour with Memory) is the analogue television system. It is also named because it uses memory to store lines of colour information, in order to eliminate the colour artifacts found on systems, using the NTSC standard of 29.97 frames. 


Which standard do we use in Australia:
PAL or PAL/ SECAM 


What is an IEEE 1394 port: 
This is a high-speed, serial input. output bus for for computer peripherals and consumer electronics, capable of transfer speeds of up to 400 megabits per second. IEEE supports a much higher bandwidth than a USB, allowing to get a high-resolution video camera onto a computer without issues. IEEE 1394 has became a computing standard for high bandwidth. IEEE 1394 is also known as 'FireWire' originating from Apple. 


Why do digital video camera use video compression:
Because of the relatively high bit rate of uncompressed video, video compression is extensively used. In the case of compressed video each frame requires a small percentage of the original bits.


Describe what a codec is: 
Codecs are software that enable your devices (Camera, Editor, Player) to perform video encoding and/or decoding. All these Codecs are based on standards. All video streams are embedded in multimedia (video) containers.  If your system does not have the proper Codec installed the program won't work.

What is meant by "generation loss," where does it happen: 
Refers to the loss of quality and potential increase of file size between subsequent copies of data. Anything that reduces the quality of the representation when copying, and would cause further reduction in quality on making a copy of the copy, can be considered a form of generation loss.
Generation loss occurs with increased distortion, increased noise, change in frequency response, and change in the relative phase of one frequency component with respect to another.

Introduction to video (part 1)

 What are some advantages of digital video: 

• It is faster than normal video 
• Is easier to edit footage taken on the digital video
• Videos can be upload to the computer to edit and watch
• Can upload videos stargith onto sites- easy to share with others 

 What is meant by frame rate in video: 
The frame rate in video refers to how quickly an image or frame can be projected or displayed every second.

Are all videos/ movies the same fame rate, explain your answer: 
No. There are currently three main frame rate standards; 20p, 25p and 30p

• 20p- displays 20 progressive frames per second (Most commonly used frame rate, in videos and films)
• 25p- displays 25 progressive frames per second (Mainly used for the television and frame rate) 
• 30p- displays 30 progressive frames per second (Least used frame rate) 

What is meant by resolution, how is it measured: 
 Resolution is measured in picture elements or "pixels" for short. Resolution is a mixture of lines and pixels. A television or recorded video image is made up of scan lines, rapidly scanning horizontal lines starting from the top, moving down to the bottom. There are two ways to measure this:

1. Split the lines into two 'fields' where all the odd numbered lines are displayed first then all the even numbered lines are shown producing a complete frame. This is called interlacing or interlacing scan
2. All the lines (odd & even) are displayed sequentially. This is called progressive scan and is commonly used in computer monitors.

Data Compression (:

What is data compression?

Data compression is the process of encoding large files in order to make them smaller and take up less space. 

What is a data compression ratio?

Data compression ration (also known as compression power), is a computer-science term used to reduce the amount of data representation size produced by a data compression algorithm.

Why is data compression an important technique for the online world?

It reduces the amount of data stored on a hard disk or transmission of bandwidth. 

What is the difference between Lossy and Lossless data compression?

In Lossy data compression, the decompressed data does not have to be exactly the same as the original data. Instead, some amount of distortion is tolerated.

When the compression is Lossless there is no distortion. It is exactly the same as the original.  

Which method offers the greatest compression ratio?

Lossy data compression video codes generally provide the greatest compression ratio.

The video can be compressed at 100:1 ratio while audio and still images can often be compressed at 10:1.

The compression rate of lossy is about 5-6% while Lossless compression is about 50-60% 

Why is human psychology and perception an important factor in methods of Lossy compression?

Because very little of the original file is still there. The human eye simply “fills in the blanks” if parts of audio or imagery is lost.  Without the perception of the human eye we would see how much of a difference there is from the original. If we were able to see how much information is being distorted we would see the errors in a Lossy compression.

Name Lossy file formats for audio, still image and video format.

Audio:

MP3 - .mp3

MPEG-1 - .mp2

WMA - .wma

Still Image:

CPC - .cpc

DjVu - .djvu .djv

JPEG - .jpg .jpeg

Video:

DV - .dv .dif

MPEG-1 - .mpg .mpeg .mp2 .mp3 .mpa

MPEG-2 - .mpg .mpeg .mp2 .mp3 .m2v

21/06/2011- Video editing

Today was the first lesson i spent editing our video. I managed to cut out all the unnecessary sections of the movie and make the movie flow together.the video goes for a total of 9:33, but i still need to edit out other parts that aren't very necessary to the move and add in the effects(:  Kayeleanne was making our story board by print screening important parts of our video that included good camera angles.

Overall I think that is was the most productive lesson of IST I have ever had (:

15/6/2011- video recording

Today Kaye, Tanisha and me managed to finish recording our video. We have quite a few good shots and all we have to do is edit the footage and make it all fit together to make it look like a proper video (:

7/6/2011- First attempt of recording video

Today Tanisha, kayeleanne and myself were playing around with the camera, and tried to see what angles were the best.
We also started to thinkg of the storyline towards our movieish video.
Some of the shots that we used might be used later on..if they were good enough (: